How Long to Read Acclimation of Nitrifiers for Activated Sludge Treatment

How Long Does it Take to Read Acclimation of Nitrifiers for Activated Sludge Treatment?

It takes the average reader 1 hour and 17 minutes to read Acclimation of Nitrifiers for Activated Sludge Treatment by Robert A. Zimmerman

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Nitrification kinetics were evaluated in bench-scale batch reactors fed with a synthetic wastewater containing approximately 1,000 mg ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N)/L operated at 5, 10, and 20 day solids retention times (SRTs) and with dewatered biosolids supernatant (1,126 to 1,680 mg NH3-N/L) operated at a 20-day SRT. For the 5- and 10-day SRTs, complete nitrification appeared to be inhibited by the presence of un-ionized ammonia and un-ionized nitrous acid. For the 20-day SRT, near complete nitrification was observed for both substrates. Observed ammonium oxidation rates decreased with increasing SRT. Observed yield coefficients were similar for all SRTs and substrates. Fully established steady-state conditions were observed at higher SRTs despite process start-up and operational considerations. Although it may be possible to culture a nitrifier population capable of near-complete nitrification at lower SRTs, the design configuration and operational strategy must mitigate the potential for un-ionized ammonia and un-ionized nitrous acid inhibition (e.g. process start-up at lower concentration with gradual increase to higher concentration, continuous feed operation, etc). Batch bioaugmentation analyses were conducted in the mixed liquor suspended solids and final clarifier effluent from a non-nitrifying activated sludge with seed nitrifiers developed from the 20-day SRT reactors and with biomass from a nitrifying trickling filter facility. Ammonia removal was observed in all bioaugmentation analyses with no apparent lag or acclimation period. Observed ammonium oxidation rates were not significantly different between the seed and batch bioaugmentation reactors. Acclimation does not appear to be a critical obstacle for nitrifier bioaugmentation when environmental conditions (e.g. temperature, pH, etc.) between the seed and bioaugmentation processes are not significantly different.

How long is Acclimation of Nitrifiers for Activated Sludge Treatment?

Acclimation of Nitrifiers for Activated Sludge Treatment by Robert A. Zimmerman is 76 pages long, and a total of 19,456 words.

This makes it 26% the length of the average book. It also has 24% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Acclimation of Nitrifiers for Activated Sludge Treatment Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 1 hour and 46 minutes to read Acclimation of Nitrifiers for Activated Sludge Treatment aloud.

What Reading Level is Acclimation of Nitrifiers for Activated Sludge Treatment?

Acclimation of Nitrifiers for Activated Sludge Treatment is suitable for students ages 8 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Acclimation of Nitrifiers for Activated Sludge Treatment?

Acclimation of Nitrifiers for Activated Sludge Treatment by Robert A. Zimmerman is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

To buy Acclimation of Nitrifiers for Activated Sludge Treatment by Robert A. Zimmerman on Amazon click the button below.