How Long to Read Analog Superpowers

How Long Does it Take to Read Analog Superpowers?

It takes the average reader 6 hours and 37 minutes to read Analog Superpowers by Katherine C. Epstein

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

A gripping history that spans law, international affairs, and top-secret technology to unmask the tension between intellectual property rights and national security. At the beginning of the twentieth century, two British inventors, Arthur Pollen and Harold Isherwood, became fascinated by a major military question: how to aim the big guns of battleships. These warships—of enormous geopolitical import before the advent of intercontinental missiles or drones—had to shoot in poor light and choppy seas at distant moving targets, conditions that impeded accurate gunfire. Seeing the need to account for a plethora of variables, Pollen and Isherwood built an integrated system for gathering data, calculating predictions, and transmitting the results to the gunners. At the heart of their invention was the most advanced analog computer of the day, a technological breakthrough that anticipated the famous Norden bombsight of World War II, the inertial guidance systems of nuclear missiles, and the networked “smart” systems that dominate combat today. Recognizing the value of Pollen and Isherwood’s invention, the British Royal Navy and the United States Navy pirated it, one after the other. When the inventors sued, both the British and US governments invoked secrecy, citing national security concerns. Drawing on a wealth of archival evidence, Analog Superpowers analyzes these and related legal battles over naval technology, exploring how national defense tested the two countries’ commitment to individual rights and the free market. Katherine C. Epstein deftly sets out Pollen’s and Isherwood’s pioneering achievements, the patent questions raised, the geopolitical rivalry between Britain and the United States, and the legal precedents each country developed to control military tools built by private contractors. Epstein’s account reveals that long before the US national security state sought to restrict information about atomic energy, it was already embroiled in another contest between innovation and secrecy. The America portrayed in this sweeping and accessible history isn’t yet a global hegemon but a rising superpower ready to acquire foreign technology by fair means or foul—much as it accuses China of doing today.

How long is Analog Superpowers?

Analog Superpowers by Katherine C. Epstein is 387 pages long, and a total of 99,459 words.

This makes it 131% the length of the average book. It also has 122% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Analog Superpowers Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 9 hours and 3 minutes to read Analog Superpowers aloud.

What Reading Level is Analog Superpowers?

Analog Superpowers is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Analog Superpowers?

Analog Superpowers by Katherine C. Epstein is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

To buy Analog Superpowers by Katherine C. Epstein on Amazon click the button below.