How Long to Read Assessment of Planetary Protection Requirements for Spacecraft Missions to Icy Solar System Bodies

How Long Does it Take to Read Assessment of Planetary Protection Requirements for Spacecraft Missions to Icy Solar System Bodies?

It takes the average reader 1 hour and 35 minutes to read Assessment of Planetary Protection Requirements for Spacecraft Missions to Icy Solar System Bodies by National Research Council

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

NASA's exploration of planets and satellites during the past 50 years has led to the discovery of traces of water ice throughout the solar system and prospects for large liquid water reservoirs beneath the frozen ICE shells of multiple satellites of the giant planets of the outer solar system. During the coming decades, NASA and other space agencies will send flybys, orbiters, subsurface probes, and, possibly, landers to these distant worlds in order to explore their geologic and chemical context. Because of their potential to harbor alien life, NASA will select missions that target the most habitable outer solar system objects. This strategy poses formidable challenges for mission planners who must balance the opportunity for exploration with the risk of contamination by Earth's microbes, which could confuse the interpretation of data obtained from these objects. The 2000 NRC report Preventing the Forward Contamination of Europa provided a criterion that was adopted with prior recommendations from the Committee on Space Research of the International Council for Science. This current NRC report revisits and extends the findings and recommendations of the 2000 Europa report in light of recent advances in planetary and life sciences and, among other tasks, assesses the risk of contamination of icy bodies in the solar system.

How long is Assessment of Planetary Protection Requirements for Spacecraft Missions to Icy Solar System Bodies?

Assessment of Planetary Protection Requirements for Spacecraft Missions to Icy Solar System Bodies by National Research Council is 94 pages long, and a total of 23,876 words.

This makes it 32% the length of the average book. It also has 29% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Assessment of Planetary Protection Requirements for Spacecraft Missions to Icy Solar System Bodies Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 2 hours and 10 minutes to read Assessment of Planetary Protection Requirements for Spacecraft Missions to Icy Solar System Bodies aloud.

What Reading Level is Assessment of Planetary Protection Requirements for Spacecraft Missions to Icy Solar System Bodies?

Assessment of Planetary Protection Requirements for Spacecraft Missions to Icy Solar System Bodies is suitable for students ages 10 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Assessment of Planetary Protection Requirements for Spacecraft Missions to Icy Solar System Bodies?

Assessment of Planetary Protection Requirements for Spacecraft Missions to Icy Solar System Bodies by National Research Council is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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