How Long to Read Automobile Catalytic Converters

How Long Does it Take to Read Automobile Catalytic Converters?

It takes the average reader 1 hour and 1 minute to read Automobile Catalytic Converters by Kathleen C. Taylor

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

The use of catalytic converters for the purification of automotive exhaust gases is a relatively new technology which was brought into existence by social pressures for the preservation of acceptable environmental conditions. The majority of catalytic practitioners have been able to watch the growth of this technology from its inception to its current state of sophistication. Automotive catalytic converter technology is now in a mature state, and this chapter from Vol. 5 Catalysis: Science and Technology by Dr. K. C. Taylor provides a review which covers both the process chemistry and the most important converter design factors. Contents 1. Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2. Emission Regulations in the United States. 3. Exhaust Emission Characteristics. . 3 4. 1981 Emission Control Technology. 5 A. Converters. . . 5 B. Control System. 7 8 ~. Catalyst Screening . 6. Laboratory Testing. .10 7. The Chemical Reactions 13 8. Composition of Three-Way Catalysts. 16 A. Rhodium 17 21 B. Platinum. C. Palladium 22 D. Iridium . 22 23 E. Ruthenium and Nickel. F. Cerium Oxide ..... 23 G. Search for Alternatives to Nohle Metals 24 9. Catalyst Supports . 25 A. Pellets .... 26 B. Monoliths . . 26 10. The Transient Behavior of Three-Way Catalysts 27 II. Deterioration of Three-Way Catalysts. 35 A. Thermal Effects. . . . 35 B. Phosphorus Poisoning. . . 37 C. Lead Poisoning. . . . . . · 38 D. Catalyst Poisoning by Sulfur · 40 12. The 0.4 NO,; Research Objective. · 41 13. Control of Diesel Particulate Emissions.

How long is Automobile Catalytic Converters?

Automobile Catalytic Converters by Kathleen C. Taylor is 61 pages long, and a total of 15,311 words.

This makes it 21% the length of the average book. It also has 19% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Automobile Catalytic Converters Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 1 hour and 23 minutes to read Automobile Catalytic Converters aloud.

What Reading Level is Automobile Catalytic Converters?

Automobile Catalytic Converters is suitable for students ages 8 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Automobile Catalytic Converters?

Automobile Catalytic Converters by Kathleen C. Taylor is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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