It takes the average reader 11 hours and 8 minutes to read Climate Change, Air Pollution and Global Challenges by Teis Nørgaard Mikkelsen
Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more
Consequences of climate change in combination with air pollution for ecosystem services are multiple but hard to predict. To meet future challenges, a way forward is development of supersites in forest research. This chapter will elucidate the development of existing European forest monitoring and research infrastructures, describe harmonisation of databases and knowledge about climate change and air pollution impact on forest ecosystems and present knowledge gap statements from fifty experts affiliated with the COST FP0903 Action. The statements are structured within the following subjects: The carbon cycle in forests (LULUCF accounting), forest health and vitality, forest biodiversity, extent of forest resources, availability of wood and forest biomass, protective functions of forests and socio-economic information about the forest sector. This will provide a base of knowledge with regard to supersites in forest ecosystem monitoring and research.
Climate Change, Air Pollution and Global Challenges by Teis Nørgaard Mikkelsen is 648 pages long, and a total of 167,184 words.
This makes it 219% the length of the average book. It also has 204% more words than the average book.
The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 15 hours and 13 minutes to read Climate Change, Air Pollution and Global Challenges aloud.
Climate Change, Air Pollution and Global Challenges is suitable for students ages 12 and up.
Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.
When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.
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