How Long to Read Competition in Lending and Credit Ratings

How Long Does it Take to Read Competition in Lending and Credit Ratings?

It takes the average reader and 52 minutes to read Competition in Lending and Credit Ratings by Federal Reserve Board

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

This book relates corporate credit rating quality to competition in lending between the public bond market and banks. In the model, the monopolistic rating agency's choice of price and quality leads to an endogenous threshold separating low-quality bank-dependent issuers from higher-quality issuers with access to public debt. In a baseline equilibrium with expensive bank lending, this separation across debt market segments provides information, but equilibrium ratings are uninformative. A positive shock to private (bank) relative to public lending supply allows banks to compete with public lenders for high-quality issuers, which threatens rating agency profits, and informative ratings result to prevent defection of high-quality borrowers to banks. This prediction is tested by analyzing two events that increased the relative supply of private vs. public lending sharply: legislation in 1994 that reduced barriers to interstate bank lending and the temporary shutdown of the high-yield bond market in 1989. After each event, the quality of ratings (based on their impact on bond yield spreads) increased for affected issuers. The analysis suggests that that the quality of credit ratings plays an important role in financial stability, as strategic behavior by the rating agency in an issuer-pays setting dampens the influence of macroeconomic shocks. It also explains the use of informative unsolicited credit ratings to prevent unrated bond issues, particularly during good times. Additionally, the controversial issuer-pays model of ratings leads to more efficient outcomes than investor-pays alternatives.

How long is Competition in Lending and Credit Ratings?

Competition in Lending and Credit Ratings by Federal Reserve Board is 52 pages long, and a total of 13,104 words.

This makes it 18% the length of the average book. It also has 16% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Competition in Lending and Credit Ratings Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 1 hour and 11 minutes to read Competition in Lending and Credit Ratings aloud.

What Reading Level is Competition in Lending and Credit Ratings?

Competition in Lending and Credit Ratings is suitable for students ages 8 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Competition in Lending and Credit Ratings?

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