It takes the average reader 6 hours and 12 minutes to read Contaminants in the Subsurface by National Research Council
Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more
At hundreds of thousands of commercial, industrial, and military sites across the country, subsurface materials including groundwater are contaminated with chemical waste. The last decade has seen growing interest in using aggressive source remediation technologies to remove contaminants from the subsurface, but there is limited understanding of (1) the effectiveness of these technologies and (2) the overall effect of mass removal on groundwater quality. This report reviews the suite of technologies available for source remediation and their ability to reach a variety of cleanup goals, from meeting regulatory standards for groundwater to reducing costs. The report proposes elements of a protocol for accomplishing source remediation that should enable project managers to decide whether and how to pursue source remediation at their sites.
Contaminants in the Subsurface by National Research Council is 371 pages long, and a total of 93,121 words.
This makes it 125% the length of the average book. It also has 114% more words than the average book.
The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 8 hours and 28 minutes to read Contaminants in the Subsurface aloud.
Contaminants in the Subsurface is suitable for students ages 12 and up.
Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.
When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.
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