How Long to Read Effect of Changing Disinfectants on Distribution System Lead and Copper Release

How Long Does it Take to Read Effect of Changing Disinfectants on Distribution System Lead and Copper Release?

It takes the average reader and 44 minutes to read Effect of Changing Disinfectants on Distribution System Lead and Copper Release by K. Dewis

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

The objective of this research is to determine the effects of changing disinfectants (from free chlorine to chloramines and vice versa) on levels and rates of leaching from lead, brass, and copper components in the distribution system. This project will also study the effects of changing disinfectants on galvanic coupling on metals release and existing scales, and will advance our understanding of the nature of lead and copper solids. This report summarizes existing information regarding the effects of changing disinfectants on rates and concentrations of metals leaching from distribution system components. Knowing that within the next five years, more than 100 sizeable utilities will undergo disinfection conversion to chloramines, AwwaRF chose to publish the results of this research in two parts. Part 1 (this report) was published in October 2006, within a few months of the start of the project in order to provide timely information to utilities concerning the effects of changing disinfectants and compliance with the Lead and Copper Rule. Part 2 (Laboratory Studies, Pipe Loop Testing, and Field Sampling) should be available by early 2009, after the completion of the laboratory and field sampling that will be conducted through May 2008.

How long is Effect of Changing Disinfectants on Distribution System Lead and Copper Release?

Effect of Changing Disinfectants on Distribution System Lead and Copper Release by K. Dewis is 44 pages long, and a total of 11,176 words.

This makes it 15% the length of the average book. It also has 14% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Effect of Changing Disinfectants on Distribution System Lead and Copper Release Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 1 hour and 1 minute to read Effect of Changing Disinfectants on Distribution System Lead and Copper Release aloud.

What Reading Level is Effect of Changing Disinfectants on Distribution System Lead and Copper Release?

Effect of Changing Disinfectants on Distribution System Lead and Copper Release is suitable for students ages 8 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Effect of Changing Disinfectants on Distribution System Lead and Copper Release?

Effect of Changing Disinfectants on Distribution System Lead and Copper Release by K. Dewis is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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