How Long to Read Exchange Market Pressures and Speculative Capital Flows in Selected European Countries
By Ms.Inci Ötker
How Long Does it Take to Read Exchange Market Pressures and Speculative Capital Flows in Selected European Countries?
It takes the average reader 1 hour and 12 minutes to read Exchange Market Pressures and Speculative Capital Flows in Selected European Countries by Ms.Inci Ötker
Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more
Description
This paper estimates a speculative attack model of currency crises in an attempt to identify the roles of macroeconomic fundamentals and speculative market pressures in the recent crisis, as well as earlier devaluations in adjustable fixed exchange rate systems in the European currency markets. For a sample of five countries, including Denmark, Ireland, Spain, Norway, and Sweden, our empirical analyses show that both economic fundamentals and speculative factors have a significant influence on the probability of devaluations. The recent experience in the European foreign exchange markets suggests that the latest realignments are mainly the result of foreign exchange market tensions amidst the growing conflict between the needs of the domestic economies and the policies needed to maintain fixed exchange rates. Our results confirm that regardless of the source of the deterioration in economic conditions, market participants perceived the existing parities of the currencies in these five countries as inconsistent with their underlying economic fundamentals, thus effectively bringing about either a realignment or a modification of the exchange arrangement.
How long is Exchange Market Pressures and Speculative Capital Flows in Selected European Countries?
Exchange Market Pressures and Speculative Capital Flows in Selected European Countries by Ms.Inci Ötker is 72 pages long, and a total of 18,144 words.
This makes it 24% the length of the average book. It also has 22% more words than the average book.
How Long Does it Take to Read Exchange Market Pressures and Speculative Capital Flows in Selected European Countries Aloud?
The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 1 hour and 39 minutes to read Exchange Market Pressures and Speculative Capital Flows in Selected European Countries aloud.
What Reading Level is Exchange Market Pressures and Speculative Capital Flows in Selected European Countries?
Exchange Market Pressures and Speculative Capital Flows in Selected European Countries is suitable for students ages 8 and up.
Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.
When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.
Where Can I Buy Exchange Market Pressures and Speculative Capital Flows in Selected European Countries?
Exchange Market Pressures and Speculative Capital Flows in Selected European Countries by Ms.Inci Ötker is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.
To buy Exchange Market Pressures and Speculative Capital Flows in Selected European Countries by Ms.Inci Ötker on Amazon click the button below.
Buy Exchange Market Pressures and Speculative Capital Flows in Selected European Countries on Amazon