It takes the average reader and 48 minutes to read Foreign Banks and the Vienna Initiative by Ralph De Haas
Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more
We use data on 1,294 banks in Central and Eastern Europe to analyze how bank ownership and creditor coordination in the form of the Vienna Initiative affected credit growth during the 2008–09 crisis. As part of the Vienna Initiative western European banks signed country-specific commitment letters in which they pledged to maintain exposures and to support their subsidiaries in Central and Eastern Europe. We show that both domestic and foreign banks sharply curtailed credit during the crisis, but that foreign banks that participated in the Vienna Initiative were relatively stable lenders. We find no evidence of negative spillovers from countries where banks signed commitment letters to countries where they did not.
Foreign Banks and the Vienna Initiative by Ralph De Haas is 47 pages long, and a total of 12,079 words.
This makes it 16% the length of the average book. It also has 15% more words than the average book.
The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 1 hour and 6 minutes to read Foreign Banks and the Vienna Initiative aloud.
Foreign Banks and the Vienna Initiative is suitable for students ages 8 and up.
Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.
When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.
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