How Long to Read Forest Health and Biotechnology

How Long Does it Take to Read Forest Health and Biotechnology?

It takes the average reader 4 hours and 1 minute to read Forest Health and Biotechnology by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

The American chestnut, whitebark pine, and several species of ash in the eastern United States are just a few of the North American tree species that have been functionally lost or are in jeopardy of being lost due to outbreaks of pathogens and insect pests. New pressures in this century are putting even more trees at risk. Expanded human mobility and global trade are providing pathways for the introduction of nonnative pests for which native tree species may lack resistance. At the same time, climate change is extending the geographic range of both native and nonnative pest species. Biotechnology has the potential to help mitigate threats to North American forests from insects and pathogens through the introduction of pest-resistant traits to forest trees. However, challenges remain: the genetic mechanisms that underlie trees' resistance to pests are poorly understood; the complexity of tree genomes makes incorporating genetic changes a slow and difficult task; and there is a lack of information on the effects of releasing new genotypes into the environment. Forest Health and Biotechnology examines the potential use of biotechnology for mitigating threats to forest tree health and identifies the ecological, economic, and social implications of deploying biotechnology in forests. This report also develops a research agenda to address knowledge gaps about the application of the technology.

How long is Forest Health and Biotechnology?

Forest Health and Biotechnology by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine is 241 pages long, and a total of 60,491 words.

This makes it 81% the length of the average book. It also has 74% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Forest Health and Biotechnology Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 5 hours and 30 minutes to read Forest Health and Biotechnology aloud.

What Reading Level is Forest Health and Biotechnology?

Forest Health and Biotechnology is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Forest Health and Biotechnology?

Forest Health and Biotechnology by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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