How Long to Read Free-Market Socialists

How Long Does it Take to Read Free-Market Socialists?

It takes the average reader 6 hours and 58 minutes to read Free-Market Socialists by Joseph Malherek

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

The Hungarian artist-designer László Moholy-Nagy, the Austrian sociologist Paul Lazarsfeld, and his fellow Viennese Victor Gruen—an architect and urban planner—made careers in different fields. Yet they shared common socialist politics, Jewish backgrounds, and experience as refugees from the Nazis. This book tells the story of their intellectual migration from Central Europe to the United States, beginning with the collapse of the Habsburg Empire, and moving through the heady years of newly independent social-democratic republics before the descent into fascism. It follows their experience of exile and adaptation in a new country, and culminates with a surprising outcome of socialist thinking: the opening of the first fully enclosed, air-conditioned suburban shopping center in the United States. Although the American culture they encountered ostensibly celebrated entrepreneurial individualism and capitalistic “free enterprise,” Moholy-Nagy, Lazarsfeld, and Gruen arrived at a time of the progressive economic reforms of the New Deal and an extraordinary open-mindedness about social democracy. This period of unprecedented economic experimentation nurtured a business climate that, for the most part, did not stifle the émigrés’ socialist idealism but rather channeled it as the source of creative solutions to the practical problems of industrial design, urban planning, and consumer behavior. Based on a vast array of original sources, Malherek interweaves the biographies of these three remarkable personalities and those of their wives, colleagues, and friends with whom they collaborated on innovative projects that would shape the material environment and consumer culture of their adopted home. The result is a narrative of immigration and adaptation that challenges the crude binary of capitalism and socialism with a story of creative economic hybridization.

How long is Free-Market Socialists?

Free-Market Socialists by Joseph Malherek is 407 pages long, and a total of 104,599 words.

This makes it 137% the length of the average book. It also has 128% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Free-Market Socialists Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 9 hours and 31 minutes to read Free-Market Socialists aloud.

What Reading Level is Free-Market Socialists?

Free-Market Socialists is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Free-Market Socialists?

Free-Market Socialists by Joseph Malherek is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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