How Long to Read Fresh Tracks in the Forest: Assessing Incipient Payments for Environmental Services Initiatives in Bolivia

How Long Does it Take to Read Fresh Tracks in the Forest: Assessing Incipient Payments for Environmental Services Initiatives in Bolivia?

It takes the average reader 2 hours and 33 minutes to read Fresh Tracks in the Forest: Assessing Incipient Payments for Environmental Services Initiatives in Bolivia by Nina Robertson

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Payments for Environmental Services (PES) are being considered worldwide with great interest and expectation. Proposals to create agreements in which beneficiaries of environmental services pay landowners directly for the provision or protection of these services are innovative and promising. But what real PES experiences are actually out there? This work assesses a range of PES or PES-type experiences in one country, Bolivia, in the fields of carbon sequestration, protection of watershed services, biodiversity and aesthetic landscape values. The report concludes that while none of the generally young initiatives adhere fully to the principle of PES as developed in the theoretical literature, many experiment with some of the relevant PES mechanisms. Protection of watersheds and landscape values are the most common types, though the implementing intermediaries often have underlying biodiversity-protection goals. Main obstacles to PES implementation include ideological resistance against the PES concept, the difficulty of building trust between buyers and sellers, and limited willingness to pay on behalf of service users. During their relatively short lifetime, basically all initiatives had been successful in making service sellers (PES recipients) better off in economic terms, while the effectiveness in achieving environmental objectives and securing positive social impacts so far remained more variable. In some cases, redesigning these initiatives to bring them closer to the full PES principles could also enable them to more effectively achieve positive environmental and livelihood outcomes.

How long is Fresh Tracks in the Forest: Assessing Incipient Payments for Environmental Services Initiatives in Bolivia?

Fresh Tracks in the Forest: Assessing Incipient Payments for Environmental Services Initiatives in Bolivia by Nina Robertson is 152 pages long, and a total of 38,304 words.

This makes it 51% the length of the average book. It also has 47% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Fresh Tracks in the Forest: Assessing Incipient Payments for Environmental Services Initiatives in Bolivia Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 3 hours and 29 minutes to read Fresh Tracks in the Forest: Assessing Incipient Payments for Environmental Services Initiatives in Bolivia aloud.

What Reading Level is Fresh Tracks in the Forest: Assessing Incipient Payments for Environmental Services Initiatives in Bolivia?

Fresh Tracks in the Forest: Assessing Incipient Payments for Environmental Services Initiatives in Bolivia is suitable for students ages 10 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Fresh Tracks in the Forest: Assessing Incipient Payments for Environmental Services Initiatives in Bolivia?

Fresh Tracks in the Forest: Assessing Incipient Payments for Environmental Services Initiatives in Bolivia by Nina Robertson is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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