How Long to Read Handbook of Plant Palaeoecology (2nd edition 2021)

How Long Does it Take to Read Handbook of Plant Palaeoecology (2nd edition 2021)?

It takes the average reader and 28 minutes to read Handbook of Plant Palaeoecology (2nd edition 2021) by R.T.J. Cappers

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

This handbook is a completely revised version of the first edition, which was published in 2012. Plant palaeoecologists use data from plant fossils and plant subfossils to reconstruct ecosystems and food economies of the past. This book deals with the study of subfossil plant material retrieved from archaeological excavations and cores dated to the Late Glacial and the Holocene. One of the main objectives of this book is to describe the processes that underlie the formation of the archaeobotanical archive and the ultimate composition of the archaeobotanical record - being the data that are sampled and identified from this immense archive. Our understanding of these processes benefits from a knowledge of plant ecology and traditional agricultural practices and food processing. This handbook summarizes the basic ecological principles that relate to the reconstruction of former vegetation and of the agricultural practices in particular. This handbook is a completely revised version of the first edition, which was published in 2012. An important adaptation relates to new developments in the research on diaspores (seeds and fruits). This mainly concerns morphology, taxonomy, and ecology. We reduced the treatment of research on pollen somewhat, and we now present it in an equivalent manner to the other research disciplines. We have extended the cereals with millets, a variable group of grains that play an important role in the agricultural development of both Eurasia and northern Africa. The taxonomy is largely in line with new insights based on combined morphological and genetic research, as published by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. The findings of our ethno-archaeobotanical fieldwork have been extensively documented in the Digital atlas of traditional agricultural practices and food processing (Cappers et al., 2016) and the Digital atlas of traditional food made from cereals and milk (Cappers 2018). We have incorporated part of this information in a condensed format in this version of the handbook, including the typologies of fuel, harvesting implements, ovens, and traditional food. The website of the Digital Plant Atlas project (www.plantatlas.eu) offers the opportunity to examine photographs of plant parts and of processes related to agricultural practices and food processing in more detail, using extensive search tools.

How long is Handbook of Plant Palaeoecology (2nd edition 2021)?

Handbook of Plant Palaeoecology (2nd edition 2021) by R.T.J. Cappers is 28 pages long, and a total of 7,224 words.

This makes it 9% the length of the average book. It also has 9% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Handbook of Plant Palaeoecology (2nd edition 2021) Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes and 39 minutes to read Handbook of Plant Palaeoecology (2nd edition 2021) aloud.

What Reading Level is Handbook of Plant Palaeoecology (2nd edition 2021)?

Handbook of Plant Palaeoecology (2nd edition 2021) is suitable for students ages 8 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Handbook of Plant Palaeoecology (2nd edition 2021)?

Handbook of Plant Palaeoecology (2nd edition 2021) by R.T.J. Cappers is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

To buy Handbook of Plant Palaeoecology (2nd edition 2021) by R.T.J. Cappers on Amazon click the button below.