How Long to Read How Do Fiscal and Labor Policies in France Affect Inequality?

How Long Does it Take to Read How Do Fiscal and Labor Policies in France Affect Inequality??

It takes the average reader and 44 minutes to read How Do Fiscal and Labor Policies in France Affect Inequality? by Mr. Raphael A. Espinoza

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

This paper explores the impact of fiscal and labor market policies on efficiency, inequality, and fiscal outcomes in France. We extend the general equilibrium model calibrated for France by Alla and others (2015), with measures of labor and capital income for different groups in the economy (the unemployed, unskilled workers, skilled workers, public servants). For each of these groups we combine data on the income distribution with the outcomes of policy simulations to assess the impact of a suite of stylized policies on output, the fiscal balance, the Gini coefficient, and the shape of the Lorenz curve. We find that most types of fiscal expansions, while adding to the deficit and debt in the near term, generally reduce inequality, the main exception being capital income tax cuts. A reduction of the minimum wage has an ambiguous impact on the income distribution: the Gini coefficient increases, but the lowest income quintile improves its relative position in the income distribution thanks to positive employment effects. The paper also finds scope for “win-win” policy packages that could improve overall efficiency, inequality, and fiscal outcomes, for instance if targeted labor tax reductions are offset by cuts in the public wage bill.

How long is How Do Fiscal and Labor Policies in France Affect Inequality??

How Do Fiscal and Labor Policies in France Affect Inequality? by Mr. Raphael A. Espinoza is 44 pages long, and a total of 11,176 words.

This makes it 15% the length of the average book. It also has 14% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read How Do Fiscal and Labor Policies in France Affect Inequality? Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 1 hour and 1 minute to read How Do Fiscal and Labor Policies in France Affect Inequality? aloud.

What Reading Level is How Do Fiscal and Labor Policies in France Affect Inequality??

How Do Fiscal and Labor Policies in France Affect Inequality? is suitable for students ages 8 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

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