How Long to Read Immunomodulatory Effects of MTOR Kinase Inhibitors

How Long Does it Take to Read Immunomodulatory Effects of MTOR Kinase Inhibitors?

It takes the average reader 2 hours and 24 minutes to read Immunomodulatory Effects of MTOR Kinase Inhibitors by Jose Jesus Limon

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is involved in many important cellular processes ranging from protein translation and ribosome biogenesis to lipid synthesis and cell cycle progression. Overactive mTOR activity is a signature of many human malignancies. New cancer drugs have been or are being developed to target the kinase function of this protein. The literature investigating the impact of mTOR kinase inhibitors is largely limited to cancer cells and fibroblasts, even though the classical mTOR inhibitor rapamycin has potent effects on cells of the immune system. Therefore, a comprehensive investigation of mTOR kinase inhibitor effects on the immune system is warranted. This thesis investigates the immunomodulatory effects of mTOR-KIs on lymphocytes, the cells that constitute the adaptive immune system. Work presented in Chapter 2 of this thesis provides the initial characterization of mTOR-KIs on the adaptive immune system. I show in vitro that at anti-leukemic doses of mTOR-KIs, lymphocytes are still able to proliferate though these compounds effectively inhibit mTOR signaling. In vivo mTOR-KIs have less of an impact on adaptive immune function than rapamycin or the pan-PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, PI-103. In chapter 3 I show that in vitro mTOR-KIs increase the percent of B cell antibody class switching and this increase is mediated by FOXO transcription factors. In vivo transient treatment of mTOR-KIs can augment the humoral immune response to a sterile antigen and a live attenuated pathogen. Additionally, humoral immune responses in aged mice are also improved. In chapter 4 I show that mTOR-KIs are able to increase induced regulatory T cell (iTreg) differentiation in vitro. In addition, in vivo experiments show that these compounds are able to treat autoimmune disease in therapeutic setting while preserving CNS adaptive immune function against a neurotropic virus. The work presented here establishes a role for mTOR-KIs as immunomodulators that may be employed to treat autoimmune disease and augment humoral immune responses.

How long is Immunomodulatory Effects of MTOR Kinase Inhibitors?

Immunomodulatory Effects of MTOR Kinase Inhibitors by Jose Jesus Limon is 143 pages long, and a total of 36,179 words.

This makes it 48% the length of the average book. It also has 44% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Immunomodulatory Effects of MTOR Kinase Inhibitors Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 3 hours and 17 minutes to read Immunomodulatory Effects of MTOR Kinase Inhibitors aloud.

What Reading Level is Immunomodulatory Effects of MTOR Kinase Inhibitors?

Immunomodulatory Effects of MTOR Kinase Inhibitors is suitable for students ages 10 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Immunomodulatory Effects of MTOR Kinase Inhibitors?

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