How Long to Read Polar Icebreakers in a Changing World

How Long Does it Take to Read Polar Icebreakers in a Changing World?

It takes the average reader 2 hours and 17 minutes to read Polar Icebreakers in a Changing World by National Research Council

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

The United States has enduring national and strategic interests in the polar regions, including citizens living above the Arctic circle and three year-round scientific stations in the Antarctic. Polar icebreaking ships are needed to access both regions. Over the past several decades, the U.S. government has supported a fleet of four icebreakersâ€"three multi-mission U.S. Coast Guard ships (the POLAR SEA, POLAR STAR, and HEALY) and the National Science Foundation's PALMER, which is dedicated solely to scientific research. Today, the POLAR STAR and the POLAR SEA are at the end of their service lives, and a lack of funds and no plans for an extension of the program has put U.S. icebreaking capability at risk. This report concludes that the United States should continue to support its interests in the Arctic and Antarctic for multiple missions, including maintaining leadership in polar science. The report recommends that the United States immediately program, budget, design, and construct two new polar icebreakers to be operated by the U.S. Coast Guard. The POLAR SEA should remain mission capable and the POLAR STAR should remain available for reactivation until the new polar icebreakers enter service. The U.S. Coast Guard should be provided sufficient operations and maintenance budget to support an increased, regular, and influential presence in the Arctic, with support from other agencies. The report also calls for a Presidential Decision Directive to clearly align agency responsibilities and budgetary authorities.

How long is Polar Icebreakers in a Changing World?

Polar Icebreakers in a Changing World by National Research Council is 135 pages long, and a total of 34,425 words.

This makes it 46% the length of the average book. It also has 42% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Polar Icebreakers in a Changing World Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 3 hours and 8 minutes to read Polar Icebreakers in a Changing World aloud.

What Reading Level is Polar Icebreakers in a Changing World?

Polar Icebreakers in a Changing World is suitable for students ages 10 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Polar Icebreakers in a Changing World?

Polar Icebreakers in a Changing World by National Research Council is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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