How Long to Read Pre-clinical Evaluation of [carbon-11]-(+)-PHNO as an Agonist Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Radiotracer for Imaging of the High-affinity State of the Dopamine D2 Receptor

By Patrick Neil McCormick

How Long Does it Take to Read Pre-clinical Evaluation of [carbon-11]-(+)-PHNO as an Agonist Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Radiotracer for Imaging of the High-affinity State of the Dopamine D2 Receptor?

It takes the average reader 2 hours and 30 minutes to read Pre-clinical Evaluation of [carbon-11]-(+)-PHNO as an Agonist Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Radiotracer for Imaging of the High-affinity State of the Dopamine D2 Receptor by Patrick Neil McCormick

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Description

In vivo imaging of the D2 receptor with agonist radiotracers could provide important information on the high-affinity, functional state of the D2 receptor in schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease. Here the D2 agonist [11C]-(+)-PHNO was evaluated for use as an agonist PET radiotracer. In vitro, (+)-PHNO was shown, through competitive binding experiments and functional assays for D2 agonism, to be a potent full agonist at the D2 receptor. Ex vivo in rats, [11C]-(+)-PHNO readily crossed the blood-brain barrier and accumulated preferentially in the D2-rich striatum. [11C]-(+)-PHNO pharmacokinetics were rapid, with peak accumulation 5 min after tail-vein injection. The striatal binding of [11C]-(+)-PHNO was highly stereo selective, saturable, had pharmacology appropriate for D2 receptor binding and was sensitive to both increases and decreases in the concentration of endogenous dopamine. These characteristics make [11C]-(+)-PHNO a promising candidate for in vivo imaging of the high-affinity, functional state of the D2 receptor in humans using PET.

How long is Pre-clinical Evaluation of [carbon-11]-(+)-PHNO as an Agonist Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Radiotracer for Imaging of the High-affinity State of the Dopamine D2 Receptor?

Pre-clinical Evaluation of [carbon-11]-(+)-PHNO as an Agonist Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Radiotracer for Imaging of the High-affinity State of the Dopamine D2 Receptor by Patrick Neil McCormick is 150 pages long, and a total of 37,500 words.

This makes it 51% the length of the average book. It also has 46% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Pre-clinical Evaluation of [carbon-11]-(+)-PHNO as an Agonist Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Radiotracer for Imaging of the High-affinity State of the Dopamine D2 Receptor Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 3 hours and 24 minutes to read Pre-clinical Evaluation of [carbon-11]-(+)-PHNO as an Agonist Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Radiotracer for Imaging of the High-affinity State of the Dopamine D2 Receptor aloud.

What Reading Level is Pre-clinical Evaluation of [carbon-11]-(+)-PHNO as an Agonist Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Radiotracer for Imaging of the High-affinity State of the Dopamine D2 Receptor?

Pre-clinical Evaluation of [carbon-11]-(+)-PHNO as an Agonist Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Radiotracer for Imaging of the High-affinity State of the Dopamine D2 Receptor is suitable for students ages 10 and up.

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