It takes the average reader 6 hours and 53 minutes to read Returning Individual Research Results to Participants by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more
When is it appropriate to return individual research results to participants? The immense interest in this question has been fostered by the growing movement toward greater transparency and participant engagement in the research enterprise. Yet, the risks of returning individual research resultsâ€"such as results with unknown validityâ€"and the associated burdens on the research enterprise are competing considerations. Returning Individual Research Results to Participants reviews the current evidence on the benefits, harms, and costs of returning individual research results, while also considering the ethical, social, operational, and regulatory aspects of the practice. This report includes 12 recommendations directed to various stakeholdersâ€"investigators, sponsors, research institutions, institutional review boards (IRBs), regulators, and participantsâ€"and are designed to help (1) support decision making regarding the return of results on a study-by-study basis, (2) promote high-quality individual research results, (3) foster participant understanding of individual research results, and (4) revise and harmonize current regulations.
Returning Individual Research Results to Participants by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine is 399 pages long, and a total of 103,341 words.
This makes it 135% the length of the average book. It also has 126% more words than the average book.
The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 9 hours and 24 minutes to read Returning Individual Research Results to Participants aloud.
Returning Individual Research Results to Participants is suitable for students ages 12 and up.
Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.
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