How Long to Read River Sand Mining Modelling and Sustainable Practice

How Long Does it Take to Read River Sand Mining Modelling and Sustainable Practice?

It takes the average reader 6 hours and 47 minutes to read River Sand Mining Modelling and Sustainable Practice by Raj Kumar Bhattacharya

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Worldwide demand for sand and gravel is increasing daily, as the need for these materials continues to rise, for example in the construction sector, in land filling and for transportation sector based infrastructural projects. This results in over-extraction of sand from channel beds, and hampers the natural renewal of sediment, geological setup and morphological processes of the riverine system. In India, illegal sand mining (of alluvial channels) and gravel mining (of perennial channels) are two anthropogenic issues that negatively affect the sustainable drainage system. Along the Kangsabati River in India, the consequences of sand mining are very serious. The construction of Mukutmonipur Dam (1958) on the river causes huge sediment deposition along the middle and downstream areas, these same areas are also intensely mined for sand (instream and on the flood plain). Geospatial models are applied in order to better understand the state and the resilience of stream hydraulics, morphological and river ecosystem variables during pre-mining and post-mining stages, using micro-level datasets of the Kangsabati River. The book also includes practicable measures to minimize the environmental consequences of instream mining in respect to optimum sand mining. It discusses the threshold limits of each variable in stream hydraulics, morphological and river ecological regime, and also discusses the most affected variables. Consequently, all outputs will be very useful for students, researchers, academicians, decision makers and practitioners and will facilitate applying these techniques to create models for other river basins.

How long is River Sand Mining Modelling and Sustainable Practice?

River Sand Mining Modelling and Sustainable Practice by Raj Kumar Bhattacharya is 403 pages long, and a total of 101,959 words.

This makes it 136% the length of the average book. It also has 125% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read River Sand Mining Modelling and Sustainable Practice Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 9 hours and 17 minutes to read River Sand Mining Modelling and Sustainable Practice aloud.

What Reading Level is River Sand Mining Modelling and Sustainable Practice?

River Sand Mining Modelling and Sustainable Practice is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy River Sand Mining Modelling and Sustainable Practice?

River Sand Mining Modelling and Sustainable Practice by Raj Kumar Bhattacharya is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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