How Long to Read Spectroscopy of Rubbers and Rubbery Materials

How Long Does it Take to Read Spectroscopy of Rubbers and Rubbery Materials?

It takes the average reader 11 hours and 21 minutes to read Spectroscopy of Rubbers and Rubbery Materials by Victor M. Litvinov

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

This book deals with the application of spectroscopic techniques for characterisation of chemical and physical structures in viscoelastic materials, such as unvulcanised elastomers and their vulcanisates, various rubbery materials and some plastics, which when blended with particular additives (plasticisers) behave like rubbers. Analysis of the rubbery materials is complicated by the fact that rubbery products, such as tyres, tubes, seals, V-belts and hoses, contain in the rubbery matrix a significant amount of various compounds, i.e., fillers, vulcanising agents, antioxidants and plasticisers. Due to the complex composition, no single technique can provide a good understanding of the effect of chemical and physical structures on the functional properties of rubbery materials. Thus spectroscopy has become a powerful tool for the determination of polymer structures. The most comprehensive information on chemical and physical structures in relation to material properties can be obtained by using a combination of macroscopic techniques and methods that provide information on the molecular level. frequently used for analysis of rubbery materials, i.e., various methods of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and optical spectroscopy. The main objective of this present book is to discuss a wide range of applications of the spectroscopic techniques for the analysis of rubbery materials. The book brings together the various spectroscopic techniques for obtaining the following information: chemical structure of rubbery materials, network structure analysis, heterogeneity of rubbery materials, physical properties of rubbery materials, functional properties and stability of rubbery materials, processing of rubbery materials and quality control. The contents of this book are of interest to chemists, physicists, material scientists and technologists who seek a better understanding of rubbery materials.

How long is Spectroscopy of Rubbers and Rubbery Materials?

Spectroscopy of Rubbers and Rubbery Materials by Victor M. Litvinov is 666 pages long, and a total of 170,496 words.

This makes it 225% the length of the average book. It also has 208% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Spectroscopy of Rubbers and Rubbery Materials Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 15 hours and 31 minutes to read Spectroscopy of Rubbers and Rubbery Materials aloud.

What Reading Level is Spectroscopy of Rubbers and Rubbery Materials?

Spectroscopy of Rubbers and Rubbery Materials is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Spectroscopy of Rubbers and Rubbery Materials?

Spectroscopy of Rubbers and Rubbery Materials by Victor M. Litvinov is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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