How Long to Read Studies on Retinal and Choroidal Disorders

How Long Does it Take to Read Studies on Retinal and Choroidal Disorders?

It takes the average reader 10 hours and 54 minutes to read Studies on Retinal and Choroidal Disorders by Robert D. Stratton

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Studies on Retinal and Choroidal Disorders examines the role that oxidative and nitrosative stress plays in the complex physiology and pathophysiology of the retina and choroid. Both the basic science researcher and the clinical practitioner can use this book as a guide to the current understanding of retinal and choroidal cellular mechanisms involved in aging and disease. Beginning with a review of oxidative stress and inflammation in the pathoetiology of AMD and a review of the complement system in the retina, the book then takes a detailed look at oxidative stress in lipid metabolism and oxidized lipoproteins in the retina. It examines the anti-apoptotic activity of α-crystallins in the presence of glutathione, oxidative stress in the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, the role of iron in retinal disease, the mechanisms of pathological VEGF expression, NAPDH oxidase mechanisms, and Hepatocyte Growth Factor in oxidative stress in the retina. A detailed look at the Ccl2-/-/Cx3cr1-/- mouse model of AMD follows. Then a detailed examination of the systemic changes in AMD is followed by a discussion of cerium oxide nanoparticle reduction of oxidative stress. Two chapters discuss progenitor cells in the cause and treatment of retinal diseases including AMD and diabetic retinopathy. Natural compounds in the prevention and treatment of retinal diseases are exhaustively presented, followed by a chapter on serotonin 5-HT1A receptor agonists in oxidative stress of the retina. The current anti-VEGF treatment strategies of neovascular AMD are then given. The volume continues with a detailed look at nitric oxide and inducible nitric oxide synthase in retinal vascular disease, an explanation of an in vivo technique of studying the effect of lipid hydroperoxides on circulating leucocytes in the retina, an excellent review of oxidative stress in retinopathy of prematurity, and a look at VEGF induced oxidative stress in the retinal ganglion cell. The book ends with a detail examination of the role of carotenoids in retinal health and disease. These 31 chapters summarize what is known about oxidative stress in retinal and choroidal disorders. All those involved with degenerative diseases of the eye will find Studies on Retinal and Choroidal Disorders to be illuminating and comprehensive.

How long is Studies on Retinal and Choroidal Disorders?

Studies on Retinal and Choroidal Disorders by Robert D. Stratton is 644 pages long, and a total of 163,576 words.

This makes it 217% the length of the average book. It also has 200% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Studies on Retinal and Choroidal Disorders Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 14 hours and 53 minutes to read Studies on Retinal and Choroidal Disorders aloud.

What Reading Level is Studies on Retinal and Choroidal Disorders?

Studies on Retinal and Choroidal Disorders is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Studies on Retinal and Choroidal Disorders?

Studies on Retinal and Choroidal Disorders by Robert D. Stratton is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

To buy Studies on Retinal and Choroidal Disorders by Robert D. Stratton on Amazon click the button below.