How Long to Read The ETTO Principle: Efficiency-Thoroughness Trade-Off

How Long Does it Take to Read The ETTO Principle: Efficiency-Thoroughness Trade-Off?

It takes the average reader 2 hours and 43 minutes to read The ETTO Principle: Efficiency-Thoroughness Trade-Off by Erik Hollnagel

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Accident investigation and risk assessment have for decades focused on the human factor, particularly 'human error'. Countless books and papers have been written about how to identify, classify, eliminate, prevent and compensate for it. This bias towards the study of performance failures, leads to a neglect of normal or 'error-free' performance and the assumption that as failures and successes have different origins there is little to be gained from studying them together. Erik Hollnagel believes this assumption is false and that safety cannot be attained only by eliminating risks and failures. The ETTO Principle looks at the common trait of people at work to adjust what they do to match the conditions - to what has happened, to what happens, and to what may happen. It proposes that this efficiency-thoroughness trade-off (ETTO) - usually sacrificing thoroughness for efficiency - is normal. While in some cases the adjustments may lead to adverse outcomes, these are due to the very same processes that produce successes, rather than to errors and malfunctions. The ETTO Principle removes the need for specialised theories and models of failure and 'human error' and offers a viable basis for effective and just approaches to both reactive and proactive safety management.

How long is The ETTO Principle: Efficiency-Thoroughness Trade-Off?

The ETTO Principle: Efficiency-Thoroughness Trade-Off by Erik Hollnagel is 162 pages long, and a total of 40,824 words.

This makes it 55% the length of the average book. It also has 50% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read The ETTO Principle: Efficiency-Thoroughness Trade-Off Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 3 hours and 43 minutes to read The ETTO Principle: Efficiency-Thoroughness Trade-Off aloud.

What Reading Level is The ETTO Principle: Efficiency-Thoroughness Trade-Off?

The ETTO Principle: Efficiency-Thoroughness Trade-Off is suitable for students ages 10 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy The ETTO Principle: Efficiency-Thoroughness Trade-Off?

The ETTO Principle: Efficiency-Thoroughness Trade-Off by Erik Hollnagel is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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