How Long to Read The Impact of Immigration on African Americans

How Long Does it Take to Read The Impact of Immigration on African Americans?

It takes the average reader 2 hours and 50 minutes to read The Impact of Immigration on African Americans by Steven Shulman

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Immigration has significant consequences for all Americans, but especially for African Americans.The sheer magnitude of immigration--it is the primary factor driving population growth--is so large that it directly or indirectly affects the economic, political, social, and environmental circumstances of most Americans.But the geographic concentration of immigrants in urban areas, and the economic concentration of immigrants in the low-wage sector of the labor market, have special consequences for African Americans since they are especially likely to live in urban areas and to be low-wage workers. These effects can be both negative and positive. Immigration has sharply increased the supply of labor into the low-wage sector of the labor market, which tends to reduce wages and employment opportunities for low-wage native workers. Employers may prefer hiring immigrants, who are perceived to be hard working and uncomplaining, to hiring African Americans. Immigrants can also increase the competition for scarce public services (especially education) on which African Americans depend. Yet immigration can also stimulate economic growth and urban revitalization, which can increase job opportunities and spread an ideology of multiculturalism. Immigration can dilute the political power of African Americans, but it can also strengthen the civil rights coalition. Immigration can benefit some groups while hurting others. This volume presents research and analysis that reflects and advances the debates about the economic and political consequences of immigration for African Americans. The contributors include Gerald Jaynes (Yale University), Vernon Briggs (Cornell University), Frank Bean and Jennifer Lee (University of California, Irvine), Robert Cherry (Brooklyn College), Manuel Pastor (University of California, Santa Cruz) and Enrique Marcelli (University of Massachusetts, Boston), Steven Camarota (Center for Immigration Studies), Frank Morris (University of Texas, Dallas), Steven Shulman (Colorado State University) and Hannes Johannsson (Office of the Comptroller of the Currency), and Lisa Catanzarite (University of California, Los Angeles). Steven Shulman is professor of economics at Colorado State University. He has written extensively on ethnic inequality and is the co-editor of The Question of Discrimination and the co-author of Unlevel Playing Fields.

How long is The Impact of Immigration on African Americans?

The Impact of Immigration on African Americans by Steven Shulman is 170 pages long, and a total of 42,500 words.

This makes it 57% the length of the average book. It also has 52% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read The Impact of Immigration on African Americans Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 3 hours and 52 minutes to read The Impact of Immigration on African Americans aloud.

What Reading Level is The Impact of Immigration on African Americans?

The Impact of Immigration on African Americans is suitable for students ages 10 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy The Impact of Immigration on African Americans?

The Impact of Immigration on African Americans by Steven Shulman is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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