How Long to Read The Molecular Mechanisms of Regulatory T cell Immunosuppression

How Long Does it Take to Read The Molecular Mechanisms of Regulatory T cell Immunosuppression?

It takes the average reader 2 hours and 7 minutes to read The Molecular Mechanisms of Regulatory T cell Immunosuppression by Kendall A. Smith

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Ever since Regulatory T cells (T-Regs) were first defined as peripheral CD4+ T cells that express the interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor alpha chain (IL-2Ra), there have been intensive efforts to determine the molecular mechanisms whereby this minor subset of CD4+ T cells (~ 5-10%) nonspecifically suppresses all potential effector T cells, whether reactive to self or non-self antigens. Multiple possible molecular mechanisms have been implicated, including the scavenging of IL-2 via the expression of high densities of IL-2Rs, the inhibition of antigen presentation via CTLA-4 molecules leading to decreased IL-2 production, the activation of intracellular cAMP thereby suppressing both IL-2 production and action, and the production of suppressive cytokines such as IL-10 and Tumor Growth Factor-beta, to list a few. However, the field has thus far failed to come to a consensus, such that some investigators have now asserted that many molecular mechanisms may be operative, in fact that perhaps all of the described mechanisms may account for the suppressive effects of these cells, acting either simultaneously or sequentially. Thus, this Research Topic is focused on articles that can shed some new light on the molecular mechanisms responsible for T-Reg immunosuppression.

How long is The Molecular Mechanisms of Regulatory T cell Immunosuppression?

The Molecular Mechanisms of Regulatory T cell Immunosuppression by Kendall A. Smith is 125 pages long, and a total of 31,875 words.

This makes it 42% the length of the average book. It also has 39% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read The Molecular Mechanisms of Regulatory T cell Immunosuppression Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 2 hours and 54 minutes to read The Molecular Mechanisms of Regulatory T cell Immunosuppression aloud.

What Reading Level is The Molecular Mechanisms of Regulatory T cell Immunosuppression?

The Molecular Mechanisms of Regulatory T cell Immunosuppression is suitable for students ages 10 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy The Molecular Mechanisms of Regulatory T cell Immunosuppression?

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