How Long to Read Universities, Academics and the Great Schism

How Long Does it Take to Read Universities, Academics and the Great Schism?

It takes the average reader 4 hours and 22 minutes to read Universities, Academics and the Great Schism by R. N. Swanson

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

The election of both Urban VI and Clement VII to the papacy in 1378, by the same body of cardinals, presented the church with an apparently insoluble constitutional difficulty. Dr Swanson examines the reaction to this situation from a hitherto unconsidered perspective: that of the universities to whom Europe turned to formulate the theories which would solve the problem. He examines the attempts by the academics to gain support for their various schemes and shows how these produced conflict at various levels: locally, between factions within individual universities; nationally, between rival universities, and between universities and their ecclesiastical and secular superiors; and internationally, as the universities adopted mutually exclusive attitudes and sometimnes clashed with their own popes. The concluding chapters show how the academics finally devised the conciliarist formula which led to the convocation of the Council of Pisa in 1409.

How long is Universities, Academics and the Great Schism?

Universities, Academics and the Great Schism by R. N. Swanson is 261 pages long, and a total of 65,511 words.

This makes it 88% the length of the average book. It also has 80% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Universities, Academics and the Great Schism Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 5 hours and 57 minutes to read Universities, Academics and the Great Schism aloud.

What Reading Level is Universities, Academics and the Great Schism?

Universities, Academics and the Great Schism is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Universities, Academics and the Great Schism?

Universities, Academics and the Great Schism by R. N. Swanson is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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