How Long to Read Using 21st Century Science to Improve Risk-Related Evaluations
By National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
How Long Does it Take to Read Using 21st Century Science to Improve Risk-Related Evaluations?
It takes the average reader 3 hours and 21 minutes to read Using 21st Century Science to Improve Risk-Related Evaluations by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more
Description
Over the last decade, several large-scale United States and international programs have been initiated to incorporate advances in molecular and cellular biology, -omics technologies, analytical methods, bioinformatics, and computational tools and methods into the field of toxicology. Similar efforts are being pursued in the field of exposure science with the goals of obtaining more accurate and complete exposure data on individuals and populations for thousands of chemicals over the lifespan; predicting exposures from use data and chemical-property information; and translating exposures between test systems and humans. Using 21st Century Science to Improve Risk-Related Evaluations makes recommendations for integrating new scientific approaches into risk-based evaluations. This study considers the scientific advances that have occurred following the publication of the NRC reports Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century: A Vision and a Strategy and Exposure Science in the 21st Century: A Vision and a Strategy. Given the various ongoing lines of investigation and new data streams that have emerged, this publication proposes how best to integrate and use the emerging results in evaluating chemical risk. Using 21st Century Science to Improve Risk-Related Evaluations considers whether a new paradigm is needed for data validation, how to integrate the divergent data streams, how uncertainty might need to be characterized, and how best to communicate the new approaches so that they are understandable to various stakeholders.
How long is Using 21st Century Science to Improve Risk-Related Evaluations?
Using 21st Century Science to Improve Risk-Related Evaluations by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine is 201 pages long, and a total of 50,451 words.
This makes it 68% the length of the average book. It also has 62% more words than the average book.
How Long Does it Take to Read Using 21st Century Science to Improve Risk-Related Evaluations Aloud?
The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 4 hours and 35 minutes to read Using 21st Century Science to Improve Risk-Related Evaluations aloud.
What Reading Level is Using 21st Century Science to Improve Risk-Related Evaluations?
Using 21st Century Science to Improve Risk-Related Evaluations is suitable for students ages 12 and up.
Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.
When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.
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