It takes the average reader 8 hours and 17 minutes to read A Systems Analysis of the Baltic Sea by F.V. Wulff
Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more
During recent decades, large-scale effects of pollution on marine estuaries and even entire enclosed coastal seas have become apparent. One of the first regions where this was observed is the Baltic Sea, whereby the appearance of anoxic deep basins, extensive algal blooms and elimination of top predators like eagles and seals indicated effects of both increased nutrient inputs and toxic substances. This book describes the physical, biochemical and ecological processes that govern inputs, distribution and ecological effects of nutrients and toxic substances in the Baltic Sea. Extensive reviews are supplemented by budgets and dynamic simulation models. This book is highly interdisciplinary and uses a systems approach for analyzing and describing a marine ecosystem. It gives an overview of the Baltic Sea, but is useful for any marine scientist studying large marine ecosystems.
A Systems Analysis of the Baltic Sea by F.V. Wulff is 486 pages long, and a total of 124,416 words.
This makes it 164% the length of the average book. It also has 152% more words than the average book.
The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 11 hours and 19 minutes to read A Systems Analysis of the Baltic Sea aloud.
A Systems Analysis of the Baltic Sea is suitable for students ages 12 and up.
Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.
When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.
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