How Long to Read Advanced Intraoperative Technologies in Neurosurgery

How Long Does it Take to Read Advanced Intraoperative Technologies in Neurosurgery?

It takes the average reader 5 hours and 17 minutes to read Advanced Intraoperative Technologies in Neurosurgery by V.A. Fasano

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Since the introduction of electrosurgery the techniques of surgery on the nervous system have passed through further improvements (bipolar coagulation, microscope), even if the procedure was not substantially modified. Today, laser represents a new "discipline", as it offers a new way of performing all basic maneuvers (dissection, demolition, hemostasis, vessel sutures). Furthermore, laser offers the possibility of a special maneuver, namely reduction of the volume of a tumoral mass through vaporization. Its application is not restricted to traditional neurosurgery but extends also to stereotactic and vascular neurosurgery. Laser surgery has also influenced the anesthesiologic techniques. At the same time new instrumentation has been introduced: CUSA ultrasonic aspiration, echotomography, and Doppler flowmeter. I have had the chance to utilize these new technologies all at a time and have come to the conclusion that we are facing the dawn of a new methodology which has already shown its validity and lack of inconveniences, and whose object is to increase the precision of neurological surgery. The technological development is still going on, and some improvements are to be foreseen. Laser scalpel is splitting the initial laser surgery into NO TOUCH and TOUCH surgery with laser. As new instrumentarium will be developed, a variable and tunable beam will become available. For example, in a few years Free Electron Laser will further add to the progress in this field.

How long is Advanced Intraoperative Technologies in Neurosurgery?

Advanced Intraoperative Technologies in Neurosurgery by V.A. Fasano is 308 pages long, and a total of 79,464 words.

This makes it 104% the length of the average book. It also has 97% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Advanced Intraoperative Technologies in Neurosurgery Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 7 hours and 14 minutes to read Advanced Intraoperative Technologies in Neurosurgery aloud.

What Reading Level is Advanced Intraoperative Technologies in Neurosurgery?

Advanced Intraoperative Technologies in Neurosurgery is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Advanced Intraoperative Technologies in Neurosurgery?

Advanced Intraoperative Technologies in Neurosurgery by V.A. Fasano is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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