How Long to Read Advanced Rail Geotechnology – Ballasted Track

How Long Does it Take to Read Advanced Rail Geotechnology – Ballasted Track?

It takes the average reader 9 hours and 59 minutes to read Advanced Rail Geotechnology – Ballasted Track by Buddhima Indraratna

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Ballast plays a vital role in transmitting and distributing the train wheel loads to the underlying track substructure. The load-bearing capacity, safe train speed, and the levels of noise and vibration, as well as passenger comfort depend on the behaviour of ballast through particle interlocking and the corresponding deformation of this granular assembly. Attrition and breakage of ballast occur progressively under heavy and continual cyclic loading, causing track deterioration and rail misalignment affecting safety, while exacerbating the intensity of track maintenance. In the absence of realistic computational models, the track substructure is traditionally designed using mostly empirical approaches. In this book, the authors present the detailed information on the strength, deformation, and degradation aspects of fresh and recycled ballast under monotonic, cyclic, and impact loading using innovative geotechnical testing devices. A constitutive model for ballast incorporating particle breakage is presented representing a more realistic stress–strain response. The mathematical formulations and numerical models are validated using controlled experimental simulations and fully instrumented field trials. Revised ballast gradation is described to provide greater track resiliency and extended longevity. The book also provides a detailed description of geosynthetics for substructure improvement considering track deterioration caused by particle degradation, fouling, and impeded drainage. New to this second edition are extensive discussions on subgrade soil stabilisation, causes and mechanisms of soil fluidisation (mud pumping) under cyclic loading, and preventive and remedial measures to alleviate undue instability of ballast tracks. This book should prove most beneficial for final-year civil engineering students and for postgraduate teaching and learning. It is an ideal supplement for practising railway engineers and researchers engaged in the challenging tasks of future track design for heavier and faster trains.

How long is Advanced Rail Geotechnology – Ballasted Track?

Advanced Rail Geotechnology – Ballasted Track by Buddhima Indraratna is 579 pages long, and a total of 149,961 words.

This makes it 195% the length of the average book. It also has 183% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Advanced Rail Geotechnology – Ballasted Track Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 13 hours and 39 minutes to read Advanced Rail Geotechnology – Ballasted Track aloud.

What Reading Level is Advanced Rail Geotechnology – Ballasted Track?

Advanced Rail Geotechnology – Ballasted Track is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Advanced Rail Geotechnology – Ballasted Track?

Advanced Rail Geotechnology – Ballasted Track by Buddhima Indraratna is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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