How Long to Read Business Improvement Districts and the Contradictions of Placemaking

How Long Does it Take to Read Business Improvement Districts and the Contradictions of Placemaking?

It takes the average reader 5 hours and 9 minutes to read Business Improvement Districts and the Contradictions of Placemaking by Susanna F. Schaller

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

The "livable city," the "creative city," and more recently the "pop-up city" have become pervasive monikers that identify a new type of urbanism that has sprung up globally, produced and managed by the business improvement district and known colloquially by its acronym, BID. With this case study, Susanna F. Schaller draws on more than fifteen years of research to present a direct, focused engagement with both the planning history that shaped Washington, D.C.'s landscape and the intricacies of everyday life, politics, and planning practice as they relate to BIDs. Schaller offers a critical unpacking of the BID ethos, which draws on the language of economic liberalism (individual choice, civic engagement, localism, and grassroots development), to portray itself as color blind, democratic, and equitable. Schaller reveals the contradictions embedded in the BID model. For the last thirty years, BID advocates have engaged in effective and persuasive storytelling; as a result, many policy makers and planners perpetuate the BID narrative without examining the institution and the inequities it has wrought. Schaller sheds light on these oversights, thus fostering a critical discussion of BIDs and their collective influence on future urban landscapes.

How long is Business Improvement Districts and the Contradictions of Placemaking?

Business Improvement Districts and the Contradictions of Placemaking by Susanna F. Schaller is 299 pages long, and a total of 77,441 words.

This makes it 101% the length of the average book. It also has 95% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Business Improvement Districts and the Contradictions of Placemaking Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 7 hours and 3 minutes to read Business Improvement Districts and the Contradictions of Placemaking aloud.

What Reading Level is Business Improvement Districts and the Contradictions of Placemaking?

Business Improvement Districts and the Contradictions of Placemaking is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Business Improvement Districts and the Contradictions of Placemaking?

Business Improvement Districts and the Contradictions of Placemaking by Susanna F. Schaller is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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