How Long to Read Climate Change, Air Pollution and Global Challenges

How Long Does it Take to Read Climate Change, Air Pollution and Global Challenges?

It takes the average reader 11 hours and 8 minutes to read Climate Change, Air Pollution and Global Challenges by Pierre Dizengremel

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Ozone is a phytotoxic air pollutant, impairing photosynthesis and reducing plant growth. The predicted increase in tropospheric ozone concentration could lead to an increased vulnerability of forests, mitigating carbon sink strength of vegetation under the increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration. To improve European risk indices, currently based on atmospheric O3 concentration (i.e. O3 exposure), it is necessary to assess the phytotoxic ozone dose, reflecting the balance between stomatal ozone uptake and detoxification capacity of foliar cells. Advancing knowledge on plant response mechanisms would allow for integrating a sub-model into global ozone impact prediction models towards consolidating process-based indices for risk assessment. Crucial parameters are (i) stomatal characteristics, (ii) constitutive detoxification potential, (iii) capacity for antioxidant regeneration and (iv) cellular redox power. The combination of ozone with other impacting factors (drought, high temperature and CO2) will be discussed in view of the challenge of scaling tree-level ozone responses to the forest ecosystem level under conditions of climate change.

How long is Climate Change, Air Pollution and Global Challenges?

Climate Change, Air Pollution and Global Challenges by Pierre Dizengremel is 648 pages long, and a total of 167,184 words.

This makes it 219% the length of the average book. It also has 204% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Climate Change, Air Pollution and Global Challenges Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 15 hours and 13 minutes to read Climate Change, Air Pollution and Global Challenges aloud.

What Reading Level is Climate Change, Air Pollution and Global Challenges?

Climate Change, Air Pollution and Global Challenges is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Climate Change, Air Pollution and Global Challenges?

Climate Change, Air Pollution and Global Challenges by Pierre Dizengremel is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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