How Long to Read Climatic Risk and Distribution Atlas of European Bumblebees

How Long Does it Take to Read Climatic Risk and Distribution Atlas of European Bumblebees?

It takes the average reader 4 hours and 1 minute to read Climatic Risk and Distribution Atlas of European Bumblebees by Pierre Rasmont

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Bumble bees represent one of the most important groups of pollinators. In addition to their ecological and economic relevance, they are also a highly charismatic group which can help to increase the interest of people in realizing, enjoying and conserving natural systems. However, like most animals, bum- ble bees are sensitive to climate. In this atlas, maps depicting potential risks of climate change for bumble bees are shown together with informative summary statistics, ecological back- ground information and a picture of each European species. Thanks to the EU FP7 project STEP, the authors gathered over one million bumblebee records from all over Europe. Based on these data, they modelled the current climatic niche for almost all European species (56 species) and projected future climatically suitable conditions using three climate change scenarios for the years 2050 and 2100. While under a moderate change scenario only 3 species are projected to be at the verge of extinction by 2100, 14 species are at high risk under an intermediate change scenario. Under a most severe change scenario as many as 25 species are projected to lose almost all of their climatically suitable area, while a total of 53 species (77% of the 69 European species) would lose the main part of their suitable area. Climatic risks for bumblebees can be extremely high, depending on the future development of human society, and the corresponding effects on the climate. Strong mitigation strategies are needed to preserve this important species group and to ensure the sustainable provision of pollination services, to which they considerably contribute.

How long is Climatic Risk and Distribution Atlas of European Bumblebees?

Climatic Risk and Distribution Atlas of European Bumblebees by Pierre Rasmont is 236 pages long, and a total of 60,416 words.

This makes it 80% the length of the average book. It also has 74% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Climatic Risk and Distribution Atlas of European Bumblebees Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 5 hours and 30 minutes to read Climatic Risk and Distribution Atlas of European Bumblebees aloud.

What Reading Level is Climatic Risk and Distribution Atlas of European Bumblebees?

Climatic Risk and Distribution Atlas of European Bumblebees is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Climatic Risk and Distribution Atlas of European Bumblebees?

Climatic Risk and Distribution Atlas of European Bumblebees by Pierre Rasmont is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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