How Long to Read Crowdfunding In German Association Football Clubs: Identifying Supporters’ Drivers To Invest

How Long Does it Take to Read Crowdfunding In German Association Football Clubs: Identifying Supporters’ Drivers To Invest?

It takes the average reader 4 hours and 1 minute to read Crowdfunding In German Association Football Clubs: Identifying Supporters’ Drivers To Invest by Maria Ratz

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

This thesis analyses the potential of crowdlending and crowdinvesting to be a valuable financial alternative for professional football clubs in Germany. Given the increasing importance of crowdfunding in other business areas and the necessity for German football clubs to access alternative approaches to financing, the perception of football clubs and supporters with regard to crowdfunding was investigated. The question is whether the fans, who are associated with the club due to their loyalty, could become financing partners. By applying Commitment-Trust Theory, this study examines the antecedents of supporters behavioural intentions to invest and their effect on the key mediating variables of Fan Loyalty and Trust. Semi-structured interviews with financial managers of the football clubs and an online survey with fans (n = 712) were conducted. This sample data was analysed using Structural Equation Modelling. Among three rival models, the partial-mediating model was able to explain 81.4 % of the variance of the sample data. According to the results, the key driver for supporters’ Willingness to Invest is the intrinsic, other-orientated motivation called Perceived Meaningful Contribution. This study has added knowledge to theory by applying the Commitment-Trust framework to crowdfunding motivation within the context of professional German football. Furthermore, the practical contribution is derived from the recommendations for football clubs on how to frame crowdfunding campaigns by highlighting the rewarding feeling of helping their club and the meaningfulness of projects.

How long is Crowdfunding In German Association Football Clubs: Identifying Supporters’ Drivers To Invest?

Crowdfunding In German Association Football Clubs: Identifying Supporters’ Drivers To Invest by Maria Ratz is 241 pages long, and a total of 60,491 words.

This makes it 81% the length of the average book. It also has 74% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Crowdfunding In German Association Football Clubs: Identifying Supporters’ Drivers To Invest Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 5 hours and 30 minutes to read Crowdfunding In German Association Football Clubs: Identifying Supporters’ Drivers To Invest aloud.

What Reading Level is Crowdfunding In German Association Football Clubs: Identifying Supporters’ Drivers To Invest?

Crowdfunding In German Association Football Clubs: Identifying Supporters’ Drivers To Invest is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Crowdfunding In German Association Football Clubs: Identifying Supporters’ Drivers To Invest?

Crowdfunding In German Association Football Clubs: Identifying Supporters’ Drivers To Invest by Maria Ratz is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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