It takes the average reader 1 hour and 45 minutes to read Current Indications for the Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator by Dirk Böcker
Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more
In this book, well-known physicians, Bocker, Eckardt and Breithardt have put together a succinct and focused book that compliments the CATA Series well. Implantation of defibrillators has evolved dramatically since its introduction by Mirowski in 1980. Technological improvements in devices and leads included a gradual reduction in the size of the device, the introduction of the endocardial approach in 1988, the biphasic waveform and antitachycardia pacing in 1991, pectoral implantation in 1995, inclusion of DDD pacing in 1996 and the delivery of atrial therapies in 1998. Since the first implantation, a huge body of information on the impact of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) on prognosis has become available, first as observational studies and later as prospective randomized trials. At the present time, there is a large evidence base from the several ICD trials, although it was not always certain that such a large body of ICD evidence would accumulate.
Current Indications for the Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator by Dirk Böcker is 104 pages long, and a total of 26,416 words.
This makes it 35% the length of the average book. It also has 32% more words than the average book.
The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 2 hours and 24 minutes to read Current Indications for the Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator aloud.
Current Indications for the Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator is suitable for students ages 10 and up.
Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.
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