How Long to Read Cycling Cities: The Rotterdam Experience

How Long Does it Take to Read Cycling Cities: The Rotterdam Experience?

It takes the average reader 1 hour and 20 minutes to read Cycling Cities: The Rotterdam Experience by Eric Berkers

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Rotterdam, home to Europe?s largest port, is considered the most modernist city in the Netherlands. Despite its relatively low share of cycling, the city is a model for other places in the world facing similar urban traffic challenges. Once a true cycling city, Rotterdam lost that status after World War II, when the bombed-out center offered a generation of modernist planners the opportunity to rebuild it from scratch as car-oriented city. These planners, closely linked with harbor interests, disregarded the historic city grid and instead facilitated motorized traffic, at the same time catering for the public transit demands of a social democratic electorate by building the country?s first subway. The postwar modernist urban plans sidelined the once huge numbers of cyclists, literally and figuratively. The planners who designed the Maas tunnel under the harbor?s shipping lane in the 1930s, found the bicycle-dedicated tube a waste of money because they believed cyclists would soon disappear from the streets. To their surprise, commuting cyclists still far outnumbered cars in 1950. Pictures of the streams of cyclists descending the world famous, uniquely designed bicycle-escalators in the tunnel have become iconic for Rotterdam, even Dutch, cycling culture. These and other informative cycling stories ? including the surprisingly early resistance to car-oriented and modern city plans and the key role played by a liberal-conservative pro-cycling activist alderman in the early 1970s ? are told for the first time in this richly illustrated book. 'Cycling Cities: The Rotterdam Experience' also shows how this most modernist and car-oriented Dutch city is dealing with policy and planning today as cycling has become an integral part of the life in modern cities.

How long is Cycling Cities: The Rotterdam Experience?

Cycling Cities: The Rotterdam Experience by Eric Berkers is 80 pages long, and a total of 20,000 words.

This makes it 27% the length of the average book. It also has 24% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Cycling Cities: The Rotterdam Experience Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 1 hour and 49 minutes to read Cycling Cities: The Rotterdam Experience aloud.

What Reading Level is Cycling Cities: The Rotterdam Experience?

Cycling Cities: The Rotterdam Experience is suitable for students ages 10 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Cycling Cities: The Rotterdam Experience?

Cycling Cities: The Rotterdam Experience by Eric Berkers is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

To buy Cycling Cities: The Rotterdam Experience by Eric Berkers on Amazon click the button below.