How Long to Read Differential Modulation of Sensorimotor and Non-sensorimotor Networks with Cerebellar TDCS

How Long Does it Take to Read Differential Modulation of Sensorimotor and Non-sensorimotor Networks with Cerebellar TDCS?

It takes the average reader 1 hour and 58 minutes to read Differential Modulation of Sensorimotor and Non-sensorimotor Networks with Cerebellar TDCS by Laura C. Rice

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

The human cerebellum is thought to contribute to both sensorimotor and non-sensorimotor functions, and functional subregions of the cerebellum exist based on regional differences in anatomical connectivity with the cerebral cortex and spinal and vestibular systems. It has been argued that cerebellar subregions modulate different cerebro-cerebellar circuits, impacting a wide range of behaviors. We aimed to determine the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) targeting different cerebellar subregions on behavior and whole-brain functional connectivity patterns. Forty-seven healthy young adults (17 males, 30 females; 23.2 ℗ł 2.4 years) completed a resting-state scan and language task both before and after 20min of 1.5mA anodal (excitatory) tDCS in the MRI scanner. Eleven participants received tDCS targeting the sensorimotor cerebellum (3cm lateral to right of inion); cognitive cerebellar regions were targeted in n=20 (4cm to right of inion); and 16 participants received sham tDCS. We compared electric field (EF) models, behavioral performance on a language task (sentence completion task), and functional connectivity between the groups to evaluate the behavioral and neural changes resulting from regional cerebellar neuromodulation. The EF models revealed distinct peak coordinates for the sensorimotor and cognitive electrode montages, with some overlap between the EFs produced by the two active cerebellar stimulation sites. Behaviorally, tDCS targeting the cognitive cerebellum improved accuracy and response times on the sentence completion task, whereas targeting the sensorimotor cerebellum impaired task accuracy. Resting state functional connectivity results suggested differential modulation of broader cerebro-cerebellar circuits with the sensorimotor vs. cognitive electrode montages. Anterior and posterior cerebellar networks were differentially modulated via tDCS, whereby targeting the sensorimotor cerebellum increased functional connectivity within the anterior cerebro-cerebellar network while targeting the cognitive cerebellum increased functional connectivity within posterior cerebro-cerebellar networks. These findings confirm that cerebellar subregions can be differentially modulated with tDCS, though additional analyses suggested that the specificity is limited to supra-lobule levels with the electrode montages used here. Because cerebellar modulation could have broad clinical applications, future work will determine whether and how we can improve selective targeting of specific cerebro-cerebellar circuits.

How long is Differential Modulation of Sensorimotor and Non-sensorimotor Networks with Cerebellar TDCS?

Differential Modulation of Sensorimotor and Non-sensorimotor Networks with Cerebellar TDCS by Laura C. Rice is 116 pages long, and a total of 29,696 words.

This makes it 39% the length of the average book. It also has 36% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Differential Modulation of Sensorimotor and Non-sensorimotor Networks with Cerebellar TDCS Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 2 hours and 42 minutes to read Differential Modulation of Sensorimotor and Non-sensorimotor Networks with Cerebellar TDCS aloud.

What Reading Level is Differential Modulation of Sensorimotor and Non-sensorimotor Networks with Cerebellar TDCS?

Differential Modulation of Sensorimotor and Non-sensorimotor Networks with Cerebellar TDCS is suitable for students ages 10 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Differential Modulation of Sensorimotor and Non-sensorimotor Networks with Cerebellar TDCS?

Differential Modulation of Sensorimotor and Non-sensorimotor Networks with Cerebellar TDCS by Laura C. Rice is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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