How Long to Read Directional Estimation for Robotic Beating Heart Surgery

How Long Does it Take to Read Directional Estimation for Robotic Beating Heart Surgery?

It takes the average reader 4 hours and 28 minutes to read Directional Estimation for Robotic Beating Heart Surgery by Gerhard Kurz

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

In robotic beating heart surgery, a remote-controlled robot can be used to carry out the operation while automatically canceling out the heart motion. The surgeon controlling the robot is shown a stabilized view of the heart. First, we consider the use of directional statistics for estimation of the phase of the heartbeat. Second, we deal with reconstruction of a moving and deformable surface. Third, we address the question of obtaining a stabilized image of the heart. This work was published by Saint Philip Street Press pursuant to a Creative Commons license permitting commercial use. All rights not granted by the work's license are retained by the author or authors.

How long is Directional Estimation for Robotic Beating Heart Surgery?

Directional Estimation for Robotic Beating Heart Surgery by Gerhard Kurz is 264 pages long, and a total of 67,056 words.

This makes it 89% the length of the average book. It also has 82% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Directional Estimation for Robotic Beating Heart Surgery Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 6 hours and 6 minutes to read Directional Estimation for Robotic Beating Heart Surgery aloud.

What Reading Level is Directional Estimation for Robotic Beating Heart Surgery?

Directional Estimation for Robotic Beating Heart Surgery is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Directional Estimation for Robotic Beating Heart Surgery?

Directional Estimation for Robotic Beating Heart Surgery by Gerhard Kurz is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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