How Long to Read Evaluation of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement for Surface Mixtures

How Long Does it Take to Read Evaluation of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement for Surface Mixtures?

It takes the average reader and 44 minutes to read Evaluation of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement for Surface Mixtures by Rebecca McDaniel

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

The Indiana Department of Transportation has successfully used Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) for decades because of its economic and environmental benefits. Because of uncertainties regarding the types of aggregates contained in RAP and their resulting frictional properties, INDOT has until recently disallowed the use of RAP in asphalt surface mixtures. In addition, the hardened asphalt binder in the RAP could potentially increase the occurrence of thermal cracking. This research was conducted to explore the effects on RAP with poor or unknown aggregate qualities to establish maximum allowable RAP contents to provide adequate friction. The effects of RAP on thermal cracking were then investigated at the potential allowable RAP contents. Laboratory testing showed that the addition of poor quality RAP materials did impact the frictional properties and cracking resistance of the mixtures, but that lower amounts of RAP had little effect. The frictional performance of the laboratory fabricated and field sampled RAP materials was acceptable at contents of 25% but may be questionable at 40%. Field friction testing was also conducted on existing roadways with RAP to explore their field frictional performance. Several low volume roadways and one experimental interstate project were tested. The field results showed acceptable performance after 3 to 5 years of low volume traffic at RAP contents of 15-25% and after more than 10 years of interstate traffic with 15% RAP. Low temperature testing showed an increased susceptibility to thermal cracking as the RAP content increased but the change in critical cracking temperature was relatively small at the 25% RAP level. At 40% RAP without a change in the virgin binder grade, the critical cracking temperature was about 6 C warmer than the control mixture. This finding supports the need for a binder grade change for RAP contents greater than 25%, as indicated in other research and as required by the current INDOT specifications.

How long is Evaluation of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement for Surface Mixtures?

Evaluation of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement for Surface Mixtures by Rebecca McDaniel is 44 pages long, and a total of 11,176 words.

This makes it 15% the length of the average book. It also has 14% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Evaluation of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement for Surface Mixtures Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 1 hour and 1 minute to read Evaluation of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement for Surface Mixtures aloud.

What Reading Level is Evaluation of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement for Surface Mixtures?

Evaluation of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement for Surface Mixtures is suitable for students ages 8 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Evaluation of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement for Surface Mixtures?

Evaluation of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement for Surface Mixtures by Rebecca McDaniel is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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