How Long to Read Expectations and Disappointments of Industrial Innovations

How Long Does it Take to Read Expectations and Disappointments of Industrial Innovations?

It takes the average reader 2 hours and 11 minutes to read Expectations and Disappointments of Industrial Innovations by Gideon Halevi

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

The Integrated Manufacturing System (IMS), Group Technology, Numerical Control, and Computer Aided Design (CAD) were four outstanding innovations that were one-time milestones of scientific industrial management. This book describes the expectations and disappointments of the common pitfalls of these ingenious ideas, which leads to understanding of their gradual disappearing, and proposes a way to restore these methods for long term utility and value. The first three innovations dominated the industry till the mid-1970s. Surprisingly, the reason for them being replaced is the same: research of the “routine” was misleading regardless of its ingenuity. In the fourth case, CAD does not support CAPP (Computer Aided Process Planning) and thus Numerical Control could no longer support developments of a system such as a flexible and automated factory. However, they incorporate many features in a specific resource instead within a manufacturing system. CAD technology and machining centers remain remarkable as a specific (unique) manufacturing resource. This work proposes ways to revive these innovations for the future. Innovation is a driver for the development of new products and production methods. It should be an integral part of a system and not pursued for its own sake. This volume shows, explains, and remedies this by treating these interesting examples.

How long is Expectations and Disappointments of Industrial Innovations?

Expectations and Disappointments of Industrial Innovations by Gideon Halevi is 131 pages long, and a total of 32,881 words.

This makes it 44% the length of the average book. It also has 40% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Expectations and Disappointments of Industrial Innovations Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 2 hours and 59 minutes to read Expectations and Disappointments of Industrial Innovations aloud.

What Reading Level is Expectations and Disappointments of Industrial Innovations?

Expectations and Disappointments of Industrial Innovations is suitable for students ages 10 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Expectations and Disappointments of Industrial Innovations?

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