How Long to Read Experiments in Achieving Water and Food Self-Sufficiency in the Middle East
By Elie Elhadj
How Long Does it Take to Read Experiments in Achieving Water and Food Self-Sufficiency in the Middle East?
It takes the average reader 3 hours and 44 minutes to read Experiments in Achieving Water and Food Self-Sufficiency in the Middle East by Elie Elhadj
Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more
Description
The book aims to quantify and analyze how two water scarce but ideologically different Middle Eastern political economies, Saudi Arabia and Syria, addressed water sector investment between 1980 and 2000. The study examines how narrow-coalitions of decision-makers obsessed by impossible-to-achieve food self-sufficiency goals, lacking environmental consideration and safe political processes contributed to massively waste scarce resources and unsustainable water policies. The book shows that of Saudi Arabia's US$1,034 billion in oil revenues (1974-2001), 48% was spent on security, plus 10% on the ruling family. Nominal Per capita income dropped by 42% (1981-2000). Syria's per capita income dropped (1985-2000) by 17%, to US$1,200. Armaments' consumed (1970-1990) 13% of GDP. Agricultural investment was wasteful. Saudis produced wheat at five times the international price, depleted 300 billion m3 of mainly non-renewable groundwater and degraded aquifers' quality. 53% of Saudis have no municipal water connections. Syria's Government return on agricultural investment in 2000 was estimated at US$150 million loss. Aquifers' quality was degraded, leaving most urban households enduring acute water shortages.
How long is Experiments in Achieving Water and Food Self-Sufficiency in the Middle East?
Experiments in Achieving Water and Food Self-Sufficiency in the Middle East by Elie Elhadj is 218 pages long, and a total of 56,244 words.
This makes it 74% the length of the average book. It also has 69% more words than the average book.
How Long Does it Take to Read Experiments in Achieving Water and Food Self-Sufficiency in the Middle East Aloud?
The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 5 hours and 7 minutes to read Experiments in Achieving Water and Food Self-Sufficiency in the Middle East aloud.
What Reading Level is Experiments in Achieving Water and Food Self-Sufficiency in the Middle East?
Experiments in Achieving Water and Food Self-Sufficiency in the Middle East is suitable for students ages 12 and up.
Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.
When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.
Where Can I Buy Experiments in Achieving Water and Food Self-Sufficiency in the Middle East?
Experiments in Achieving Water and Food Self-Sufficiency in the Middle East by Elie Elhadj is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.
To buy Experiments in Achieving Water and Food Self-Sufficiency in the Middle East by Elie Elhadj on Amazon click the button below.
Buy Experiments in Achieving Water and Food Self-Sufficiency in the Middle East on Amazon