It takes the average reader 1 hour and 41 minutes to read Fluorspar Mining by Herbert K. Russell
Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more
This first-ever pictorial record of the people and methods of the Illinois-Kentucky Fluorspar District from the 1900s to the 1990s covers early and modern means of extracting, hoisting, processing, and transporting the mineral from mine mouth to end user. Nearly one hundred images carefully selected by author Herbert K. Russell show early pick-and-shovel extraction and open-flame lighting as well as primitive drilling methods and transportation by barrels, buckets, barges, mule teams, and trams, in addition to the use of modern equipment and sophisticated refinement procedures such as froth flotation. Russell also provides an overview of the many industrial uses of fluorspar, from metal work by ancient Romans to the processing of uranium by scientists seeking to perfect the atomic bomb. Preserving what is known about the industry by miners, managers, and museums, this detailed and fascinating pictorial history looks both above and below ground at fluorspar mining.
Fluorspar Mining by Herbert K. Russell is 101 pages long, and a total of 25,351 words.
This makes it 34% the length of the average book. It also has 31% more words than the average book.
The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 2 hours and 18 minutes to read Fluorspar Mining aloud.
Fluorspar Mining is suitable for students ages 10 and up.
Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.
When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.
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