It takes the average reader 8 hours and 30 minutes to read Formation and Evolution of Galaxy Bulges (IAU S245) by International Astronomical Union. Symposium
Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more
Bulges lie at the heart of most galaxies, the building blocks of our universe. With a selection of reviews and topical presentations, IAU Symposium 245 provides an up-to-date overview of our knowledge on galaxy bulges, and a concise introduction to all current research on the subject. The structure, dynamics, and stellar populations of galaxy bulges, both near and far, are analysed through state-of-the-art observations. The leading models for the formation and evolution of galaxy bulges are described in detail, and the constraints observations put on these are dissected. Particular emphasis is placed on exploring evidence for both hierarchical merging and secular processes. Special attention is also devoted to disentangling the complex web relating galaxy bulges and central supermassive black holes, and on the lessons learned from our exquisite knowledge of the bulge of our own Milky Way. This volume is the best one-stop reference on galaxy bulges currently available.
Formation and Evolution of Galaxy Bulges (IAU S245) by International Astronomical Union. Symposium is 510 pages long, and a total of 127,500 words.
This makes it 172% the length of the average book. It also has 156% more words than the average book.
The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 11 hours and 36 minutes to read Formation and Evolution of Galaxy Bulges (IAU S245) aloud.
Formation and Evolution of Galaxy Bulges (IAU S245) is suitable for students ages 12 and up.
Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.
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