How Long to Read Fractional Programming

How Long Does it Take to Read Fractional Programming?

It takes the average reader 7 hours and 15 minutes to read Fractional Programming by I.M. Stancu-Minasian

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Mathematical programming has know a spectacular diversification in the last few decades. This process has happened both at the level of mathematical research and at the level of the applications generated by the solution methods that were created. To write a monograph dedicated to a certain domain of mathematical programming is, under such circumstances,especially difficult. In the present monograph we opt for the domain of fractional programming. Interest of this subject was generated by the fact that various optimization problems from engineering and economics consider the minimization of a ratio between physical and/or economical functions, for example cost/time, cost/volume,cost/profit, or other quantities that measure the efficiency of a system. For example, the productivity of industrial systems, defined as the ratio between the realized services in a system within a given period of time and the utilized resources, is used as one of the best indicators of the quality of their operation. Such problems, where the objective function appears as a ratio of functions, constitute fractional programming problem. Due to its importance in modeling various decision processes in management science, operational research, and economics, and also due to its frequent appearance in other problems that are not necessarily economical, such as information theory, numerical analysis, stochastic programming, decomposition algorithms for large linear systems, etc., the fractional programming method has received particular attention in the last three decades.

How long is Fractional Programming?

Fractional Programming by I.M. Stancu-Minasian is 432 pages long, and a total of 108,864 words.

This makes it 146% the length of the average book. It also has 133% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Fractional Programming Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 9 hours and 54 minutes to read Fractional Programming aloud.

What Reading Level is Fractional Programming?

Fractional Programming is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Fractional Programming?

Fractional Programming by I.M. Stancu-Minasian is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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