How Long to Read Gauge Invariance and Weyl-polymer Quantization

How Long Does it Take to Read Gauge Invariance and Weyl-polymer Quantization?

It takes the average reader 1 hour and 39 minutes to read Gauge Invariance and Weyl-polymer Quantization by Franco Strocchi

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

The book gives an introduction to Weyl non-regular quantization suitable for the description of physically interesting quantum systems, where the traditional Dirac-Heisenberg quantization is not applicable. The latter implicitly assumes that the canonical variables describe observables, entailing necessarily the regularity of their exponentials (Weyl operators). However, in physically interesting cases -- typically in the presence of a gauge symmetry -- non-observable canonical variables are introduced for the description of the states, namely of the relevant representations of the observable algebra. In general, a gauge invariant ground state defines a non-regular representation of the gauge dependent Weyl operators, providing a mathematically consistent treatment of familiar quantum systems -- such as the electron in a periodic potential (Bloch electron), the Quantum Hall electron, or the quantum particle on a circle -- where the gauge transformations are, respectively, the lattice translations, the magnetic translations and the rotations of 2π. Relevant examples are also provided by quantum gauge field theory models, in particular by the temporal gauge of Quantum Electrodynamics, avoiding the conflict between the Gauss law constraint and the Dirac-Heisenberg canonical quantization. The same applies to Quantum Chromodynamics, where the non-regular quantization of the temporal gauge provides a simple solution of the U(1) problem and a simple link between the vacuum structure and the topology of the gauge group. Last but not least, Weyl non-regular quantization is briefly discussed from the perspective of the so-called polymer representations proposed for Loop Quantum Gravity in connection with diffeomorphism invariant vacuum states.

How long is Gauge Invariance and Weyl-polymer Quantization?

Gauge Invariance and Weyl-polymer Quantization by Franco Strocchi is 97 pages long, and a total of 24,929 words.

This makes it 33% the length of the average book. It also has 30% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Gauge Invariance and Weyl-polymer Quantization Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 2 hours and 16 minutes to read Gauge Invariance and Weyl-polymer Quantization aloud.

What Reading Level is Gauge Invariance and Weyl-polymer Quantization?

Gauge Invariance and Weyl-polymer Quantization is suitable for students ages 10 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Gauge Invariance and Weyl-polymer Quantization?

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