How Long to Read Giardia as a Foodborne Pathogen

How Long Does it Take to Read Giardia as a Foodborne Pathogen?

It takes the average reader and 58 minutes to read Giardia as a Foodborne Pathogen by Lucy J. Robertson

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

Although widely recognized as an important waterborne pathogen, Giardia duodenalis can also be transmitted by contamination of food. The same properties of this protozoan parasite that mean that water is an excellent transmission vehicle are also important for foodborne transmission. These include the low infective dose, the high number of cysts that are excreted, and the robustness of these transmission stages. However, many more outbreaks of waterborne giardiasis have been reported than foodborne outbreaks. This is probably partly due to epidemiological tracing being much more difficult for foodborne outbreaks than waterborne outbreaks, and the number of persons exposed to infection often being fewer. Nevertheless, the potential importance of foodborne transmission is gradually being recognized, and a wide range of different foodstuffs have been associated with those outbreaks that have been recorded. Additionally, various factors mean that the potential for foodborne transmission is becoming of increasing importance: these include the growth of international food trade, a current trend for eating raw or very lightly cooked foods, and the rise in small-scale organic farms, where there the possibility for contamination of vegetable crops with animal faeces may be greater. ​

How long is Giardia as a Foodborne Pathogen?

Giardia as a Foodborne Pathogen by Lucy J. Robertson is 57 pages long, and a total of 14,649 words.

This makes it 19% the length of the average book. It also has 18% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Giardia as a Foodborne Pathogen Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 1 hour and 20 minutes to read Giardia as a Foodborne Pathogen aloud.

What Reading Level is Giardia as a Foodborne Pathogen?

Giardia as a Foodborne Pathogen is suitable for students ages 8 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Giardia as a Foodborne Pathogen?

Giardia as a Foodborne Pathogen by Lucy J. Robertson is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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