How Long to Read Global Value Chains and Productivity: Micro Evidence from Estonia

How Long Does it Take to Read Global Value Chains and Productivity: Micro Evidence from Estonia?

It takes the average reader and 41 minutes to read Global Value Chains and Productivity: Micro Evidence from Estonia by Hang T. Banh

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an unprecedented collapse in global economic activity and trade. The crisis has also highlighted the role played by global value chains (GVC), with countries facing shortages of components vital to everything from health systems to everyday household goods. Despite the vulnerabilities associated with increased interconnectedness, GVCs have also contributed to increasing productivity and long-term growth. We explore empirically the impact of GVC participation on productivity in Estonia using firm-level data from 2000 to 2016. We find that higher GVC participation at the industry level significantly boosts productivity at both the industry and the firm level. Frontier firms, large firms, and exporting firms also benefit more from GVC participation than non-frontier firms, small firms, and non-exporting firms. We also find that GVC participation of downstream industries has a negative correlation with productivity. Frontier firms and large firms benefit more from GVC participation of upstream industries, while non-frontier firms and small firms benefit more from GVC participation of downstream industries. Our results suggest that policies designed to promote participation in GVCs are important to raise aggregate productivity and potential growth in Estonia.

How long is Global Value Chains and Productivity: Micro Evidence from Estonia?

Global Value Chains and Productivity: Micro Evidence from Estonia by Hang T. Banh is 41 pages long, and a total of 10,291 words.

This makes it 14% the length of the average book. It also has 13% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Global Value Chains and Productivity: Micro Evidence from Estonia Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes and 56 minutes to read Global Value Chains and Productivity: Micro Evidence from Estonia aloud.

What Reading Level is Global Value Chains and Productivity: Micro Evidence from Estonia?

Global Value Chains and Productivity: Micro Evidence from Estonia is suitable for students ages 8 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Global Value Chains and Productivity: Micro Evidence from Estonia?

Global Value Chains and Productivity: Micro Evidence from Estonia by Hang T. Banh is sold by several retailers and bookshops. However, Read Time works with Amazon to provide an easier way to purchase books.

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