It takes the average reader 11 hours and 22 minutes to read Ground Support in Mining and Underground Construction by Ernesto Villaescusa
Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more
The purpose of ground support is to safely maintain excavations for their expected lifespan. The effectiveness of ground support can be seen both in terms of personnel and equipment safety, and in terms of allowing the most economic extraction. Scientists, practitioners and technology developers have contributed to this volume, which covers rock mass characterisation, open pit mining and tunnelling. The methods described include modelling and dynamic testing, while international case studies provide ample illustration of both failures and triumphs in ground support.
Ground Support in Mining and Underground Construction by Ernesto Villaescusa is 659 pages long, and a total of 170,681 words.
This makes it 222% the length of the average book. It also has 209% more words than the average book.
The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 15 hours and 32 minutes to read Ground Support in Mining and Underground Construction aloud.
Ground Support in Mining and Underground Construction is suitable for students ages 12 and up.
Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.
When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.
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