How Long to Read Handbook of Ion Sources

How Long Does it Take to Read Handbook of Ion Sources?

It takes the average reader 9 hours and 20 minutes to read Handbook of Ion Sources by Bernhard Wolf

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

The Handbook of Ion Sources delivers the data needed for daily work with ion sources. It also gives information for the selection of a suitable ion source and ion production method for a specific application. The Handbook concentrates on practical aspects and introduces the principle function of ion sources. The basic plasma parameters are defined and discussed. The working principles of various ion sources are explained, and examples of each type of ion source are presented with their operational data. Tables of ion current for various elements and charge states summarize the performance of different ion sources. The problems related to the production of ions of non-gaseous elements are detailed, and data on useful materials for evaporation and ion source construction are summarized. Additional chapters are dedicated to extraction and beam formation, ion beam diagnosis, ion source electronics, and computer codes for extraction, acceleration, and beam transport. Emittance and brilliance are described and space charge effects and neutralization discussed. Various methods for the measurement of current, profile, emittance, and time structure are presented and compared. Intensity limits for these methods are provided for different ion energies. Typical problems related to the operation of ion source plasmas are discussed and practical examples of circuits are given. The influence of high voltage on ion source electronics and possibilities for circuit protection are covered. The generation of microwaves and various microwave equipment are described and special problems related to microwave operation are summarized. The Handbook of Ion Sources is a valuable reference on the subject, of benefit to practitioners and graduate students interested in accelerators, ion implantation, and ion beam techniques.

How long is Handbook of Ion Sources?

Handbook of Ion Sources by Bernhard Wolf is 560 pages long, and a total of 140,000 words.

This makes it 189% the length of the average book. It also has 171% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Handbook of Ion Sources Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes 12 hours and 45 minutes to read Handbook of Ion Sources aloud.

What Reading Level is Handbook of Ion Sources?

Handbook of Ion Sources is suitable for students ages 12 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Handbook of Ion Sources?

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