How Long to Read Heat Release Rate Measurements in Tunnel Fires

How Long Does it Take to Read Heat Release Rate Measurements in Tunnel Fires?

It takes the average reader and 26 minutes to read Heat Release Rate Measurements in Tunnel Fires by Haukur Ingason

Assuming a reading speed of 250 words per minute. Learn more

Description

This report describes measurements of heat release rates in tunnel fires by using the oxygen consumption technique. This technique is commonly used in fire laboratories to measure heat release rates up to 10 MW. Measured heat release rates from fire tests with vehicles (a train, a bus, a subway coach and a simulated truck load) and wood cribs are presented. The total heat release rate was determined by measuring oxygen concentrations and mass flow rates over the tunnel cross section at both sides of the fire. The convective fraction of the heat release rate was determined by measuring the temperature and the mass flow rate. The technique is found to work reasonably well for tunnel fires. However, the measured convective fraction of the heat release rate need to be corrected for heat losses from the hot ceiling jet to the cold walls. The total heat release rate need to be corrected for high yields of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the exhaust gases and for vitiation of the inflowing air in the lower part of the cross section. The study is a joint project between a number of European countries with a project name EUREKA EU 499 Firetun.

How long is Heat Release Rate Measurements in Tunnel Fires?

Heat Release Rate Measurements in Tunnel Fires by Haukur Ingason is 26 pages long, and a total of 6,656 words.

This makes it 9% the length of the average book. It also has 8% more words than the average book.

How Long Does it Take to Read Heat Release Rate Measurements in Tunnel Fires Aloud?

The average oral reading speed is 183 words per minute. This means it takes and 36 minutes to read Heat Release Rate Measurements in Tunnel Fires aloud.

What Reading Level is Heat Release Rate Measurements in Tunnel Fires?

Heat Release Rate Measurements in Tunnel Fires is suitable for students ages 8 and up.

Note that there may be other factors that effect this rating besides length that are not factored in on this page. This may include things like complex language or sensitive topics not suitable for students of certain ages.

When deciding what to show young students always use your best judgement and consult a professional.

Where Can I Buy Heat Release Rate Measurements in Tunnel Fires?

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